December 01, 2025
The National Institute of Health says that, ”individuals with autism might be less likely than individuals without autism to report engaging in substance misuse,” which can lead to under-reported substance use disorders or missing signs altogether.
However, a 2017 study by the National Institute of Health found that “individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a rate of substance use disorder over four times that of matched controls without ASD.”
Why the increased risk? Individuals with neurodivergence may find it more difficult to fit in, they may struggle with social anxiety, have concerns with sensory issues, or have difficulty regulating their emotions. Using drugs and alcohol can be a way to self-medicate and manage untreated symptoms and stress.
The Alcohol and Drug Foundation (ADF) reports that “People with autism who use alcohol and other drugs (AOD) have said substance use helps with:
- autism-related symptoms, like sensory overload
- mental health symptoms, like feeling stressed or having negative thoughts
- physical health problems, such as trouble sleeping, pain or stomach issues
- social situations, such as trying to connect with others, or wanting to feel a sense of belonging.”
Some of the most common neurodivergent conditions include autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), Obsessive compulsive disorder, dyslexia, Tourette syndrome, sensory processing disorders, and development coordination disorders. However, in individuals with autism and ADHD, there appears to be an increased risk of using alcohol or drugs to self-medicate, compared with non-neurodivergent peers.
Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment include the fact that standard SUD screening tools and interventions are developed for neurotypical individuals and may not be as effective for people with ASD or ADHD. That’s why it is helpful to work with a provider skilled in treating individuals with ASD or ADHD. Specialized SUD providers can break through the barriers of stigma, cost, and limited access for neurodivergent individuals.
Fraser — one of Minnesota’s oldest and largest providers of autism, mental/behavioral health, and disability services — is a licensed as an SUD provider, following American Society of Addiction Medicine criteria (ASAM) for purposes of assessment, treatment, placement and discharge of clients.
Dr. Aric Jensen, Vice President of Fraser Outpatient and Community Behavioral Health Services, says, “The Fraser SUD program is specifically designed to serve individuals who have a substance use disorder and autism or other neurodevelopmental needs.” He states, “Fraser’s SUD interventions are tailored to each individual by incorporating early intervention strategies, individual sessions, group education, group counseling, and assessments.”
The Fraser approach utilizes a harm reduction model and strategies that focus on quality-of-life improvements over abstinence. This approach reduces the negative health, social, and legal consequences of substance use, improves health outcomes, and emphasizes dignity, autonomy, and individualized support.
Fraser SUD services are now accepting clients aged 12+. Groups and individual counseling sessions are offered at various times throughout the week, both virtually and in person at Fraser Bloomington.
For more information, contact the Fraser Initial Access program by calling 612-767-7222. Referrals from primary physicians and other SUD programs are also accepted by completing a Fraser Professional Referral Form at fraser.org/for-professionals.